When did advertising first show up?
Television ~ 1945
Cable Television ~ 1980′s
The first radio network
In 1926, RCA set up the first radio network, NBC. (Now television networks are linked by satellite to their affiliates).
Radio content was a “public service,” whose function was to sell radios.
Radio content was designed to generate income from advertising.
Like AT;T, CBS did not make radios. Sponsored shows, which had advertisers, and unsponsored shows, which did not. The radio station paid for the unsponsored shows. The sponsored shows, on the other hand, were created entirely by the company sponsoring the show; advertisers were totally in charge of the radio station’s content. Radio set the precedent for television, in that the same companies that controlled radio early on went on to control television.
Soon thereafter, television inherited the structure of radio. In the ’40′s, during the rise of television, RCA also held a monopoly on all television sets sold. By 1945-1955, advertising had taken over all of television. Television was organized around the premise of selling things. Networks preferred to control the program, by way of moving to multiple sponsors/advertisers, where networks would retain control of the show, and advertisers would buy time in between the programming.
Discovery of fraud in the quiz shows on television. Ratings, quite simply, measure the number of people watching a show. [The networks]
What is sold on television? [Viewer's time, not television shows]
The networks, which own television, areHistory of the Media – Old Television the buyers of shows, not the sellers. Networks want the maximum possible profit from buying and selling time, both viewers’ time, and advertisers’ time.
Rating: Percentage of total homes with televisions tuned into a particular show.
Share: Percentage of those watching television at a particular time who are tuned into a particular show.
Total households with televisions: 150 million
Total households watching television at 8pm on Monday nights: 90 million
Shows cost producers much more than the networks typically pay them for those shows. Programs began being tested with audiences prior to being put on television and/or radio. Show writers now had to write shows that would test well.
While people certainly choose to watch certain shows instead of others, people less commonly choose to watch television instead of other things. People watch television.
History of the Media, Radio, and Television
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When did advertising first show up?